This list has been prepared to assist students studying for CHPS doctoral examinations. It is not intended to specify or limit the content that may be included in any particular exam. Students should discuss with their advisors how to prepare for each exam. Copies of previous exams are available in the CHPS office and should be consulted in order to get an idea of the kinds of questions that may actually be asked. Note that CHPS Ph.D. students are responsible for all the material listed on the CHPS M.A. reading list.
3. Philosophy of Behavioral and Social Sciences.
4. Metaphysics and Epistemology / General Philosophy of Science.
5. History of Philosophy of Science, Scientific Revolution, and European Intellectual History.
6. History of Technology Since 1500.
7. Physical Science and Mathematics Since 1500.
7a. General Works, Historiography, Miscellaneous.
8. History of Life Sciences Since 1500.
8a. Evolution.
9. Ancient and Medieval Science.
10. Social and Institutional History, Sociology of Science.
10a. General Works.10c. Times and Places (other than U.S.)
11. Appendix: Items on File in the CHPS Office.
Bell, J. S. Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics: Collected Papers on Quantum Philosophy (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1987 ).
Bub, J. The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (Reidel, 1974).
*Callahan, J. J. "The Curvature of Space in a Finite Universe." Scientific American 235, no. 2 (August 1976): 90-100.
*Cartwright, N. How the Laws of Physics Lie (Oxford Univ. Press, 1983).
Clauser, J. F.; and Shimony, A. "Bell's Theorem: Experimental Tests and Implications." Reports on Progress in Physics 41 (1978): 1881-1927.
*Cushing, J. T.; and McMullin, E.; eds. Philosophical Consequences of Quantum Theory: Reflections on Bell's Theorem (Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1989). The non-specialist should especially read the essays by Fine, Teller, Jarrett, Van Fraassen, and Hughes.
*d'Espagnat, B. "The Quantum Theory and Reality." Scientific American 241, no. 5 (November 1979): 158-181.
*Fine, A. The Shaky Game: Einstein, Realism, and the Quantum Theory (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1986).
Friedman, M. Foundations of Space-Time Theories: Relativistic Physics and Philosophy of Science ( Princeton Univ. Press, 1983).
*Gibbins, P. Particles and Paradoxes: The Limits of Quantum Logic (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1987).
Grunbaum, A. Philosophical Problems of Space and Time. (Knopf, 1963). Read chaps. 1-4.
Hesse, M. "Resource Letter PhM-1 On Philosophical Foundations of Classical Mechanics." American Journal of Physics 32 (1964): 905-911.
Hooker, C. A. "The Relational Doctrines of Space and Time." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 22, no. 2 (May 1971): 97-130.
Hughes, R. I. G. The Structure and Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (Harvard Univ. Press, 1989).
Jammer, M. The Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics: The Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics in Historical Perspective. (Wiley, 1974). Read chap. 6 (especially sections 6.3, 6.4, 6.5) and chap. 7 (section 7.7).
Margenau, H. The Nature of Physical Reality (McGraw-Hill, 1950).
Putnam, H. Mathematics, Matter and Method, 2nd ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1979). Read chap. 7 ("A Philosopher Looks at Quantum Mechanics") and chap. 10 ("The Logic of Quantum Mechanics").
Redhead, M. Incompleteness, Nonlocality, and Realism: A Prolegomenon to the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics (Oxford Univ. Press, 1987).
Reichenbach, H. The Philosophy of Space and Time, trans. M. Reichenbach and J. Freund (Dover Publications, 1958).
Reichenbach, H. The Direction of Time (Univ. of California Press, 1971).
*Salmon, W.; et. al. Introduction to the Philosophy of Science (Prentice Hall, 1992). Read part two (Philosophy of the Physical Sciences).
*Sklar, L. Space, Time, and Spacetime (Univ. of Calif. Press, 1974). Read chaps. 1-3.
*Toulmin, S.; ed. Physical Reality: Philosophical Essays on Twientieth-Century Physics (Harper & Row, 1970). The non-specialist should read the article by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen; and the reply by Bohr.
Van Fraassen, B. Quantum Mechanics: An Empiricst View (Clarendon Press, 1992).
Wheeler, J. A.; and Zurek, W. H.; eds. Quantum Theory and Measurement (Princeton Univ. Press, 1983).
Brandon, R. Adaptation and Environment (Princeton Univ. Press, 1990).
Brandon, R.; and Burian, R.; eds. Genes, Organisms, Populations (MIT Press, 1984).
Caplan, A. L.; ed. The Sociobiology Debate: Readings on Ethical and Scientific Issues (Harper & Row, 1978).
Grene, M.; and Mendelsohn, E.; eds. Topics in Philosophy of Biology. Vol. 27 of Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (Reidel Pub. Co., 1976).
Read the following articles:
Schaffner, E. F. "The Watson-Crick Model and Reductionism," pp. 101-127.
Polanyi, M. "Life's Irreducible Structure," pp. 128-142.
Kauffman, S. A. "Articulation of Parts Explanation in Biology...," pp. 245-263.
Ayala, F. J. "Biology as an Autonomous Science," pp. 312-329.
Mayr, E. "Species Concepts and Definitions," pp. 353-371.
Hull, D. L. "Contemporary Systematic Philosophies," pp. 396-440.
Hull, D. L. Science as a Process (The Univ. of Chicago Press, 1988).
Lewontin, R. C. "The Units of Selection." Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1 (1970): 1-18.
Schaffner, K. "Logic of Discovery and Justification in Regulatory Genetics." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 4 (1974): 349-385.
Schaffner, K. "The Peripherality of Reductionism in the Development of Molecular Biology." Journal of the History of Biology 7 (1974): 111-139.
Scriven, M. "Explanation and Prediction in Evolutionary Theory." Science 130 (28 August 1959): 477-482. Reprinted in Munson, R.; ed. Man and Nature: Philosophical Issues in Biology (Dell Pub. Co., 1971).
*Sober, E. The Nature of Selection: Evolutionary Theory in Philosophical Focus (MIT Press, 1984).
Sober, E.; ed. Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary Biology: An Anthology (MIT Press, 1984). Read parts I, II, III, V, and VI.
Block, N.; ed. Readings in the Philosophy of Psychology (Harvard Univ. Press, 1980).
Churchland, P. Neurophilosophy: Towards a Unified Science of the Mind-Brain (MIT Press, 1986).
*Dallmayr, F. R.; and McCarthy, T. A.; eds. Understanding and Social Inquiry (Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1977). Especially read the selections from Weber.
Dennett, D. C. "The Logical Geography of Computational Approaches: A View From the East Pole." In The Representation of Knowledge and Belief, eds. M. Brand and R. M. Harnish, pp. 59-79 (Univ. of Arizona Press, 1986).
Dray, W. Philosophical Analysis and History (Harper & Row, 1966).
Durkheim, E. The Rules of Sociological Method, trans. W. D. Halls (Free Press, 1982).
Fodor, J. Psychological Explanation: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Psychology (Random House, 1968).
Friedman, M. "The Methodology of Positive Economics." In Essays in Positive Economics (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1953).
*Kaplan, A. The Conduct of Inquiry: Methodology for Behavioral Science (Chandler Pub. Co., 1964).
Knapp, T. J. "The Emergence of Cognitive Psychology in the Latter Half of the Twentieth Century." In Approaches to Cognition: Contrasts and Controversies, eds. T. Knapp and L. Robertson, pp. 13-35 (Erlbaum, 1986).
Mill, J. S. A System of Logic (Univ. of Toronto Press, 1973). Read book VI.
Rudner, R. S. Philosophy of Social Science (Prentice Hall, 1966).
Ryan, A. The Philosophy of Social Explanation. (Oxford Univ. Press, 1973).
*Skinner, Q.; ed. The Return of Grand Theory in the Human Sciences (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1985).
Brody, B.; and Grandy, R.; eds. Readings in the Philosophy of Science, 2nd ed. (Prentice-Hall, 1989).
Brown, J. R.; ed. Scientific Rationality: The Sociological Turn (Kluwer Academic Pub., 1984).
Butts, R. E.; ed. William Whewell's Theory of Scientific Method (Univ. of Pittsburg Press, 1968).
Cartwright, N. How the Laws of Physics Lie (Oxford Univ. Press, 1983).
*Duhem, P. The Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, trans. P. Wiener (Atheneum, 1954). Read all of Part I, and chaps. VI and VII of Part II.
Feyerabend, P. K. "Problems of Empiricism." In Beyond the Edge of Certainty: Essays in Contemorary Science and Philosophy, ed. R. G. Colodny (Prentice Hall, 1965).
Glymour, C. Theory and Evidence (Princeton Univ. Press, 1980).
*Hacking, I. Representing and Intervening: Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Science (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1983).
*Hempel, C. Aspects of Scientific Explanation. (Free Press, 1965). Read chaps. 4, 5, 8, and 12.
Humphreys, P. The Chances of Explanation: Causal Explanation in the Social, Medical, and Physical Sciences (Princeton Univ. Press, 1992).
*Kourany, J. A. Scientific Knowledge: Basic Issues in the Philosophy of Science (Wadsworth Pub. Co., 1987).
*Kuhn, T. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1970).
Lakatos, I.; and Musgrave, A.; eds. Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1970). Read articles by Toulmin, Masterman, and Lakatos.
Laudan, L. Progress and Its Problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth (Univ. of California Press, 1977).
Laudan, L.; et al. "Scientific Change: Philosophical Models and Historical Research." Synthese 69 (1986): 141-223.
Losee, J. Philosophy of Science and Historical Enquiry (Oxford Univ. Press, 1987).
Nagel, E. The Structure of Science: Problems in the Logic of Scientific Explanation (Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961). Read chaps. 6, ll, 12, and 13.
*Newton-Smith, W. The Rationality of Science (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981).
Poincare, H. Science and Hypothesis (Dover Publications, 1954). Read chaps. 1-6.
Popper, K. The Logic of Scientific Discovery (Harper & Row, 1968). Read. chaps. 1-5 and 10.
*Popper, K. "Three Views Concerning Human Knowledge." In Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge, 2nd ed. (Harper & Row, 1968).
Salmon, W. Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World (Princeton Univ. Press, 1984).
*Salmon, W.; et. al. Introduction to the Philosophy of Science (Prentice Hall, 1992). Read part two (Philosophy of the Physical Sciences).
Shapere, D. "Scientific Theories and Their Domains." In The Structure of Scientific Theories, 2nd ed., ed. F. Suppe (Univ. of Illinois Press, 1977).
Shapere, D. Reason and the Search for Knowledge: Investigations in the Philosophy of Science (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1983).
Suppe, F. "The Search for Philosophic Understanding of Scientific Theories." In The Structure of Scientific Theories, 2nd ed., ed. F. Suppe (Univ. of Illinois Press, 1977).
Suppe, F. "Afterword-1977." In The Structure of Scientific Theories, 2nd ed., ed. F. Suppe (Univ. of Illinois Press, 1977).
*Van Fraassen, B. The Scientific Image (Oxford Univ. Press, 1980).
Alexander, H. G.; ed. The Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence. (Manchester Univ. Press, 1956).
Aristotle. Aristotle's Metaphysics, trans. R. Hope (Columbia Univ. Press, 1952). Read I and XII. Some other translations are acceptable.
Aristotle. Aristotle: The Physics, rev. ed., trans. P. H. Wicksteed and F. M. Cornford, vol. 1 (Harvard Univ. Press, 1957). Read I (l, 2, 5-9), II-IV, V (l, 2), VI (6-9), VII (l, 2), and VIII. Some other translations are acceptable.
Aristotle. De Anima, trans. H. Lawson-Tancred (Penguin Books, 1986). Read I (l) and II (l-6, 12). Some other translations are acceptable.
Aristotle. Generation of Animals, trans. A. L. Peck (Harvard Univ. Read. chaps. 1-Press, 1942). Read I (2). Some other translations are acceptable.
Aristotle. On The Heavens, trans. W. K. C. Guthrie (Harvard Univ. Press, 1939). Read I (l, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9), II (2-4, 7-9, 12, 14), III (l-5, 8), and IV (l, 3, 4). Some other translations are acceptable.
Aristotle. Posterior Analytics, trans. J. Barnes (Clarendon Press, 1975). Read I, and II (19). Some other translations are acceptable.
Bacon, F. Novum Organum. (The Clarendon Press, 1989).
Baumer, F. Modern European Thought: Continuity and Change in Ideas, 1600-1950 (Macmillan, 1977).
*Cohen, I. B. "Newton's Second Law and the Concept of Force in the Principia.." Texas Quarterly 10, no.3 (1967): 127-157. Reprinted in Palter, R.; ed. The Annus Mirabilis of Sir Isaac Newton (MIT Press, 1970).
Cohen, I. B. "Newton's Discovery of Gravity." Scientific American 244, no.3 (March 1981): 166-179.
Cohen, M. R.; and Drabkin, I. E.; eds. A Source Book in Greek Science (Harvard Univ. Press, 1958).
Descartes, R. Meditations on First Philosophy, trans. J. Cottingham (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986). Some other translations are acceptable.
Descartes, R. Principles of Philosophy, trans. V. R. Miller and R. P. Miller (Kluwer, 1983). Read II and III. Some other translations are acceptable.
Descartes, R. Descartes: Selections, ed. R. M. Eaton (Scribner's Sons, 1927). Read the section titled "Selections from The World; or Essay on Light," pp. 312-349.
*Dijksterhuis, E. J. The Mechanization of the World Picture : Pythagoras to Newton, trans. C. Dikshoorn (Clarendon Press, 1961).
*Drake, S. "Galileo's Discovery of the Law of Free Fall." Scientific American 228, no. 5 (May 1973): 84-92.
Galilei, G. Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems--Ptolemaic & Copernican, 2nd ed., trans. S. Drake (Univ. of California Press, 1967).
*Gjertsen, D. The Classics of Science: A Study of Twelve Enduring Scientific Works (Lilian Barber Press, 1984).
Grant, E.; ed. A Source Book in Medieval Science (Harvard Univ. Press, 1974).
*Hacking, I.; ed. Scientific Revolutions (Oxford Univ. Press, 1981).
Hall, A. R. The Revolution in Science 1500-1750, 3rd ed. (Longman, 1983).
*Harre, R. The Philosophies of Science: An Introductory Survey (Oxford Univ. Press, 1972).
*Holton, G. Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought: Kepler to Einstein, rev. ed. (Harvard Univ. Press, 1988).
*Hull, D. L. Philosophy of Biological Science (Prentice Hall, 1974).
Huyghens, C. Treatise on Light, trans. S. P. Thompson (Dover Publications, 1962).
Koyre, A. "The Significance of the Newtonian Synthesis." Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences 3 (1950): 291-311. Reprinted in his Newtonian Studies, pp. 3-24 (Harvard Univ. Press, 1965).
*Koyre, A. Metaphysics and Measurement: Essays in Scientific Revolution (Chapman & Hall, 1968). Read chaps. 1 and 2; these concern Galileo.
*Kuhn, T. S. The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought (Harvard Univ. Press, 1957).
Kuhn, T. S. "Mathematical vs. Experimental Traditions in the Development of Physical Science." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 7 (1976): 1-31. Reprinted in his The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1977).
Leibniz, G. W. Philosophical Papers and Letters, 2nd ed., ed. and trans. L. E. Loemker (D. Reidel Publishing Co., 1969). Read chap. 55 ("Correspondence With De Volder, 1699-1706") and chap. 70 ("The Metaphysical Foundations of Mathematics, after 1714").
Lindberg, D. C.; ed. Science in the Middle Ages (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1978).
Locke, J. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, ed. A. C. Fraser, 2 Vols. (Dover Publications, 1959). The Pringle-Pattison abridgement is also acceptable.
*Losee, J. A Historical Introduction to the Philosophy of Science, 2nd ed. (Oxford Univ. Press, 1980).
Mach, E. The Science of Mechanics: A Critical and Historical Account of its Development, 6th ed.,trans. T. J. McCormack (The Open Court Publishing Co., 1960). Read pp. 264-297 and.577-595.
Merz, J. T. A History of European Thought in the Nineteenth Century, 4 vols. (Blackwood, 1904-1912).
Mill, J. S. John Stuart Mill's Philosophy of Scientific Methods, ed. E. Nagel (Hafner Press, 1950). Read pp. 144-291.
Newton, I. "On the Gravity and Equilibrium of Fluids." In Unpublished Scientific Papers of Isaac Newton, eds. A. R. Hall and M. B. Hall, pp.121-156 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1962).
Newton, I. Newton's Philosophy of Nature: Selections From His Writings, ed.H. S. Thayer (Hafner Pub. Co., 1953).
Plato. The Republic, 2nd ed. (revised), trans. D. Lee (Penguin, 1974). Read sections 471c-534e. Some other translations are also acceptable.
Plato. Plato and Parmenides, trans. F. M. Cornford (Routledge & Kegan, 1939). Read sections 126a-135c. Some other translations are also acceptable.
Plato. Plato's Cosmology: The `Timaeus' of Plato, trans. F. M. Cornford (The Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1959). Read sections 27c-69a.
Robinson, J. M. An Introduction to Early Greek Philosophy (Houghton Mifflin, 1968). Read chaps. 2-11 and Appendix A.
*Wallace, W. A. "Mechanics from Bradwardine to Galileo." Journal of the History of Ideas 32 (1971): 15-28.
Wallace, W. A. Causality and Scientific Explanation, 2 vols. (Univ. of Michigan Press, 1972-74).
Wallace, W. A. "Reinterpreting Galileo." In Reinterpreting Galileo, ed. W. Wallace, pp.3-28 (Catholic Univ. of America Press, 1986).
Aitken, H. G. J. Syntony and Spark: The Origins of Radio (Wiley,1976).
*Basalla, G. The Evolution of Technology (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1988).
Bijker, W. E.; Hughes, T. P.; and Pinch, T. J.; eds. The Social Construction of Technological Systems: New Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology (MIT Press, 1987). Especially read "The Social Construction of Artifacts" by Pinch and Bijker.
Billington, D. The Tower and the Bridge: The New Art of Structural Engineering (Basic Books, 1983).
Bolter, J. D. Turing's Man: Western Culture in the Computer Age (Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1984).
Constant, E. W., Jr. "Communities and Hierarchies: Structure in the Practice of Science and Technology." In The Nature of Technological Knowledge: Are Models of Scientific Change Relevant?, ed. R. Laudan (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1984).
Cowan, R. S. More Work for Mother: The Ironies of Household Technology from the Open Hearth to the Microwave (Basic Books, 1983).
Derry, T. K.; and Williams, T. I. A Short History of Technology From The Earliest Times To A.D. 1900 (Clarendon Press, 1960).
Ferguson, E. S. "Toward a Discipline of the History of Technology." Technology and Culture 15: (1974): 13-30.
Friedel, R.; and Israel, P. Edison's Electric Light: Biography of an Invention (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1985).
*Giedion, S. Mechanization Takes Command: A Contribution to Anonymous History (Norton, 1948).
Hindle, B. Emulation and Invention (New York Univ. Press, 1981).
Hounshell, D. From the American System to Mass Production 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States (Johns Hopkins UNiv. Press, 1983).
*Hughes, T. P. "Inventors: The Problems They Choose, the Ideas They Have, and the Inventions They Make." In Technological Innovation: A Critical Review of Current Knowledge, eds. P. Kelly and M. Kranzberg, pp. 166-182 (San Francisco Press, 1978).
Hughes, T. P. "The Electrification of America: The System Builders." Technology and Culture 20 (1979): 124-161.
*Landes, D. S. The Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the Present (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1969). Chapter 1 is especially recommended for non-specialists.
*Layton, E. "Mirror-Image Twins: The Communities of Science and Technology." In Nineteenth Century American Science: A Reappraisal, ed. G. H. Daniels (Northwestern Univ. Press. 1972).
Marcus, A. I.; and Segal, H. P. Technology in America: A Brief History (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989).
*Mayr, O. "The Science-Technology Relationship as a Historiographic Problem." Technology and Culture 17 (1976): 663-673
Mokyr, J. The Lever of Riches: Technological Creativity and Economic Progress (Oxford Univ. Press, 1990).
Mumford, L. Technics and Civilization (Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1934).
Noble, D. F. America by Design: Science, Technology, and the Rise of Corporate Capitalism (Knopf, 1977).
*Pacey, A. The Maze of Ingenuity; Ideas and Idealism in the Development of Technology (Holmes & Meir, 1975).
6. HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY SINCE 1500 (continued).
Perrin, N. Giving Up the Gun: Japan's Reversion to the Sword, 1543-1879 (D. R. Godine, 1979).
Rosenberg, N. "Technological Change in the Machine Tool Industry, 1840-1910." Journal of Economic History 23 (1963): 414-443.
Also read Strassmann, W. P. "Discussion." Journal of Economic History 23 (1963): 444-446.
Smith, M. R. Harpers Ferry Armory and the New Technology: The Challenge of Change (Cornell Univ. Press, 1977).
Usher, A. P. A History of Mechanical Inventions, rev. ed. (Harvard Univ. Press, 1954).
*White, L. T., Jr. Medieval Technology and Social Change (Clarendon Press, 1962).
Wise, G. "A New Role for Professional Scientists in Industry: Industrial Research at General Electric, 1900-1916." Technology and Culture 21 (1980): 408-429.
Agassi, J. Towards an Historiography of Science (Mouton, 1963).
Alexander, H. G.; ed. The Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence (Manchester Univ. Press, 1956).
*Brush, S. G. The History of Modern Science: A Guide to the Second Scientific Revolution, 1800-1950 (Iowa State Univ. Press, 1988).
Clagett, M.; ed. Critical Problems in the History of Science (Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1959).
Also read the related articles by Rudwick,M. R.; Coleman,W. C.; Sylla,E. S.; and Daston, L. D. "Retrospective Review: Critical Problems in the History of Science." Isis 72 (1981): 267-283.
*Cohen, I. B. Revolution in Science (Harvard Univ. Press, 1985).
Dijksterhuis, E. J. The Mechanization of the World Picture : Pythagoras to Newton, trans. C. Dikshoorn (Clarendon Press, 1961).
*Hall, A. R. "Can the History of Science be History?" The British Journal for the History of Science 4 (1969): 207-220.
Hall, A. R.; and Hall, M. B. A Brief History of Science (New American Library, 1964; reprinted, Iowa State Univ. Press, 1988).
Harlan, D. "Intellectual History and the Return of Literature." American Historical Review 94 (June 1989): 581-609. Also read the following:
Hollinger, D. A. "The Return of the Prodigal: The Persistence of Historical Knowing." ibid., pp. 610-621.
Harlan, D. "Reply to David Hollinger." ibid., pp. 622-626.
Harrison, E. "Whigs, Prigs and Historians of Science." Nature 329 (1987): 213-214.
Holton, G.; and Brush, S. G. Introduction to Concepts and Theories in Physical Science, 2nd ed. (Addison-Wesley, 1973).
Jones, R. "The Historiography of Science: Retrospect and Future Challenge." In Teaching the History of Science, eds. M. Shortland and A. Warwick, pp. 80-99 (Blackwell, 1989).
*Koyre, A. Metaphysics and Measurement: Essays in Scientific Revolution (Chapman & Hall, 1968). Read chaps. 1 and 2 on Galileo.
*Kragh, H. An Introduction to the Historiography of Science (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1987).
*Kuhn, T. S. "The History of Science." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 14 (1968): 74-83.
*Novick, P. That Noble Dream: The "Objectivity Question" and the American Historical Profession (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1988). Read especially chaps. 1, 6, 15 and 16; skim the other chapters.
Toulmin, S.; and Goodfield J. The Architecture of Matter (Harper, 1962).
*Truesdell, C. "The Scholar's Workshop and Tools." Centaurus 17 (1972): 1-10.
Berendzen, R.; et. al. Man Discovers the Galaxies (Science History Pubs., 1976).
*Berry, A. Short History of Astronomy: From Earliest Times Through the Nineteenth Century (Dover Publications, 1961).
*Brush, S. G. "From Bump to Clump: Theories of the Origin of the Solar System 1900-1960." In Space Science Comes of Age: Perspectives in the History of the Space Sciences, eds. P. A Hanle and V. D. Chamberlain, pp.78-100 (Smithsonian Institute Press, 1981).
Cohen, I. B. "Newton's Discovery of Gravity." Scientific American 244, no. 3 (1981): 167-179.
Copernicus, N. "Commentariolus." Three Copernican Treatises, 3rd ed., trans. E. Rosen, pp. 55-90 (Octagon Books, 1971).
Copernicus, N. On the Revolutions, ed. J. Dobrzycki, trans. E. Rosen (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1978).
Earman, J.; and Glymour, C. "Einstein and Hilbert: Two Months in the History of General Relativity." Archive for History of Exact Sciences 19 (1978): 291-308.
Galilei, G. Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, ed. and trans. S. Drake (Doubleday, 1957).
Galilei, G. Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems--Ptolemaic & Copernican, 2nd ed., trans. S. Drake (Univ. of California Press, 1967).
Gingerich, O. "`Crisis' versus Aesthetic in the Copernican Revolution." Vistas in Astronomy 17 (1975): 85-95.
Note: As of Feb. 1992, vol. 17 of this journal was perpetually missing from the EPSL shelf. A book-order request will be submitted. A copy of this article is available from the CHPS office.
Gingerich, O.; ed. Astrophysics and Twentieth-Century Astronomy to 1950: Part A. Vol. 4 of The General History of Astronomy, general ed. M. A. Hoskin (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984).
Grant, E. In Defense of the Earth's Centrality and Immobility: Scholastic Reaction to Copernicanism in the Seventeenth Century. (American Philosophical Society, 1984).
Hanson, N. R. Constellations and Conjectures (Reidel Pub. Co., 1973).
Herrmann, D. B. The History of Astronomy from Herschel to Hertzsprung, trans. K. Krisciunas (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984).
Hetherington, N. S. Science and Objectivity: Episodes in the History of Astronomy (Iowa State Univ. Press, 1988).
Hoskin, M. A. Stellar Astronomy: Historical Studies (Science History Publications, 1982).
Hoyt, W. G. Planets X and Pluto (Univ. of Arizona Press, 1980).
Kilmister, C. W. General Theory of Relativity (Pergamon, 1973).
Koyre, A. From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe (Johns Hopkins Press, 1957).
*Kuhn, T. S. The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought (Harvard Univ. Press, 1957).
Lakatos, I.; and Zahar, E. "Why did Copernicus's Research Programme Supersede Ptolemy's?" In Lakatos, I. The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, pp. 168-192. Vol. 1 of Philosophical Papers, eds. J. Worrall and G. Currie (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1978).
Lang, K. R.; and Gingerich, O.; eds. A Source Book in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1900-1975. (Harvard Univ. Press, 1979).
Laplace, P. M. Exposition du Systeme du Monde (Paris, 1813). An English translation is available, but not in the UM library system as of Feb. 1992.
Merleau-Ponty, J. La Science de l'Univers a l'Age du Positivisme: Etude sur les Origines de la Cosmologie Contemporaine (Vrin, 1983).
Norton, J. "How Einstein Found His Field Equations, 1912-1915." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 14 (1984): 253-316.
Schaffer, S. "Herschel in Bedlam: Natural History and Stellar Astonomy." British Journal for the History of Science 13 (1980): 211-239.
Smith, R. W. The Expanding Universe: Astronomy's "Great Debate" 1900-1931 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982).
Struve, O.; and Zebergs, V. Astronomy of the 20th Century (Macmillan, 1962).
Swerdlow, N. M.; and Neugebauer, O. Mathematical Astronomy in Copernicus's "De Revolutionibus", 2 vols. (Springer-Verlag, 1984).
Toulmin, S.; and Goodfield J. The Fabric of the Heavens: The Development of Astronomy and Dynamics (Harper, 1961).
Van Helden, A. Measuring the Universe: Cosmic Dimensions from Aristarchus to Halley (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1985).
*Whitney, C. A. The Discovery of our Galaxy (Knopf, 1971).
Wilson, C. A. "From Kepler's Laws, So-called, to Universal Gravitation: Empirical Factors." Archive for History of Exact Sciences 6 (1970): 89-170.
Wilson, C. "The Great Inequality of Jupiter and Saturn: From Kepler to Laplace." Archive for History of Exact Sciences 33 (1985): 15-290.
Worden, P. W., Jr.; and Everitt, C. W. F. "Resource Letter GI-1: Gravity and Inertia." American Journal of Physics 50 (1982): 494-500.
Abe, Y. "Pauling's Revolutionary Role in the Development of Quantum Chemistry." Historia Scientiarum 20 (1981): 107-124.
Cassebaum, H.; and Kauffman, G. B. "The Periodic System of the Chemical Elements: The Search for its Discoverer." Isis 62 (1971): 314-327.
Coulson, C. A. "The Influence of Wave Mechanics on Organic Chemistry." In Wave Mechanics: The First Fifty Years, ed. W. C. Price, et al., pp. 255-271 (Halsted/Wiley, 1973).
Note: As of Feb. 1992, no Univ. of MD library owned this book. A book-order request will be submitted A copy of this article is available at the CHPS office.
*Donovan, A.; ed. Reinterpretations of the Chemical Revolution, ser. 2, vol. 4 (1988) of Osiris.
Fujii, K. "The Berthollet-Proust Controversy and Dalton's Chemical Atomic Theory 1800-1820." British Journal for the History of Science 19 (1986): 177-200.
*Guerlac, H. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier: Chemist and Revolutionary (Scribners, 1975).
Holmes, F. L. Lavoisier and the Chemistry of Life: An Exploration of Scientific Creativity (Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1985).
Ihde, A. J. The Development of Modern Chemistry (1964).
Lavoisier, A. L. Traite Elementaire de Chimie (1789). Or Elements of Chemistry, in a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries, trans. R. Kerr, with a new introduction by D. McKie (Dover, 1965).
Musgrave, A. "Why did Oxygen Supplant Phlogiston?..." Method and Appraisal in the Physical Sciences: The Critical Background to Modern Science, 1800-1905, ed. C Howson, pp.181-209 (Cambridge Univ Press, 1976).
Partington, J. R. A History of Chemistry, 4 vols. (St. Martin's Press, 1961-1970).
Pauling, L. The Nature of the Chemical Bond and the Structure of Molecules and Crystals: An Introduction to Modern Structural Chemistry, 3rd ed. (Cornell Univ. Press, 1960).
7c. Chemistry (continued).
Rocke, A. J. Chemical Atomism in the Nineteenth Century: From Dalton to Cannizzaro (Ohio State Univ. Press, 1984).
*Schneer, C. J. Mind and Matter: Man's Changing Concepts of the Material World (Grove Press, 1969).
Spronsen, J. W. van. The Periodic System of Chemical Elements: A History of the First Hundred Years (Elsevier, 1969).
Stranges, A. N. Electrons and Valence: Development of the Theory, 1900-1925 (Texas A & M Univ. Press, 1982).
Thackray, A. Atoms and Powers: An Essay on Newtonian Matter-Theory and the Development of Chemistry (Harvard Univ. Press, 1970).
Thackray, A. John Dalton: Critical Assessments of His Life and Science (Harvard Univ. Press, 1972).
*Asquith, P. D.; and Hacking, I.; eds. PSA 1978 (Philosophy of Science, 1981). Read the articles in vol. 2, part VI ("Philosophical Consequences of the Recent Revolution in Geology"), pp. 197-273:
Frankel, H. "The Non-Kuhnian Nature of the Recent Revolution in the Earth Sciences," pp. 197-214.
Kitts, D. F. "Retrodiction in Geology," pp. 215-226.
Laudan, R. "The Recent Revolution in Geology and Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Change," pp. 227-239.
Ruse, M. What Kind of Revolution Occurred in Geology?" pp. 240-273.
Brush, S. G. "Chemical History of the Earth's Core." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 2, pp. 1-6 (American Geophysical Union, 1986). Reprinted from Eos 63 (1982): 1185-1188.
*Burchfield, J. D. Lord Kelvin and the Age of the Earth, reprint of 1975 edition with a new afterword (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1990).
Note: As of Feb. 1992, no Univ. of MD library owned this edition of this book. A book order request will be submitted. A copy of the new afterword (pp. 219-222) is available from the CHPS office.
*Burstyn, H. L. "The Historian of Science and Oceanography." Bull. Inst. Océanogr. Monaco, no. spécial 2 (Congr. Int. Hist. Océanogr., vol. 1, 1968) pp. 665-675. The CHPS office has a copy of this article on file.
*Cannon, W. F. "The Uniformitarian-Catastrophist Debate." Isis 51 (1960): 38-55.
Davies, G. L. "The Eighteenth-Century Denudation Dilemma and the Huttonian Theory of the Earth." Annals of Science 22 (1966): 129-138.
Frankel, H. "The Career of Continental Drift Theory: An Application of Imre Lakatos' Analysis of Scientific Growth to the Rise of Drift Theory." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 10 (1979): 21-66.
Friedman, R. M. "Constituting the Polar Front, 1919-1920." Isis 73 (1982): 343-362.
*Gillispie, C. C. Genesis and Geology: A Study in the Relations of Scientific Thought, Natural Theology, and Social Opinion in Great Britain, 1790-1850 (Harper, 1951).
Gillmor, C. S.; and Terman, C. J. "Communication Modes of Geophysics: The Case of Ionospheric Physics." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 1, pp. 89-97 (American Geophysical Union, 1984). Reprinted from Eos 54 (1973): 900-908.
*Gillmor, C. S. "The Place of the Geophysical Sciences in Nineteenth Century Natural Philosophy." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 1, pp. 37-40 (American Geophysical Union, 1984). Reprinted from Eos 56 (1975): 4-7.
Good, G. A. "Geomagnetics and Scientific Institutions in 19th Century America." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 4, pp. 43-48 (American Geophysical Union, 1990). Reprinted from Eos 66 (1985): 521, 524-526.
Glen, W. The Road to Jaramillo: Critical Years of the Revolution in Earth Science (Stanford Univ. Press, 1982).
Greene, M. T. Geology in the 19th Century: Changing Views of a Changing World (Cornell Univ. Press, 1982).
Haber, F. C. The Age of the World: Moses to Darwin (Johns Hopkins Press, 1959).
*Hallam, A. Great Geological Controversies, 2nd ed. (Oxford Univ. Press, 1989).
Hanle, P. A.; and Chamberlain, V. D.; eds. Space Science Comes of Age: Perspectives in the History of the Space Sciences (Smithsonian Institute Press, 1981). Read the articles by J. A. Van Allen and C. S. Gillmor.
Howell, B. F., Jr. "History of Ideas on the Cause of Earthquakes." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 4, pp. 118-124 (American Geophysical Union, 1990). Reprinted from Eos 67 (1986): 1323-1326.
Kitts, D. B. "Continental Drift and Scientific Revolution." American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 58 (1974): 2490-2496. Reprinted in his The Structure of Geology, pp.115-127 (Southern Methodist Univ. Press, 1977).
Kutzbach, G. The Thermal Theory of Cyclones: A History of Meteorological Thought in the Nineteenth Century (American Meteorological Society, 1979).
Laudan, R. From Mineralogy to Geology: The Foundations of a Science, 1650-1830 (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1987).
Lyell, C. Principles of Geology (London, 1830-33; Johnson Reprint Corp., 1969).
Mareschal, J.-C. "Plate Tectonics: Scientific Revolution or Scientific Program?" In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 4, pp. 194-196 (American Geophysical Union, 1990). Reprinted from Eos 68 (1987): 529, 532-533.
Pomerantz, M. A. "The Ancestry of Solar-Terrestial Research." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 1, pp. 34-36 (American Geophysical Union, 1984). Reprinted from Eos 55 (1974): 955-957.
Pomerantz, M. A. "Benjamin Franklin--The Complete Geophysicist." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 2, pp. 23-38 (American Geophysical Union, 1986). Reprinted from Eos 57 (1976): 492-505.
Porter, R. The Making of Geology: Earth Science in Britain, 1660-1815 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1977).
Porter, R. "The Terraqueous Globe." In The Ferment of Knowledge: Studies in the Historiography of eighteenth-Century Science, eds. G. S. Rousseau and R. Porter (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980).
*Pyne, S. "From the Grand Canyon to the Marianas Trench: The Earth Sciences After Darwin." In The Sciences in the American Context: New Perspectives, ed. N. Reingold (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1979).
*Rudwick, M. J. S. The Great Devonian Controversy: The Shaping of Scientific Knowledge Among Gentlemanly Specialists (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1985).
Schlee, S. The Edge of an Unfamiliar World: A History of Oceanography (Dutton, 1973).
Schneer, C.J.; ed. Toward a History of Geology: Proceedings (MIT Press, 1969).
Schneer, C.J. ; ed. Two Hundred Years of Geology in America: Proceedings ... (Univ. Press of New England, 1979).
Takeuchi, H.; Uyeda, S.; and Kanamori, H. Debate about the Earth: Approach to Geophysics Through Analysis of Continental Drift, rev. ed., trans. K. Kanamori (Freeman Cooper, 1970).
Wegener, A. The Origin of Continents and Oceans, translated from 4th German edition by J. Biram (Dover, 1966).
Young, G. De "The Storm Controversey and its Impact on American Science." In History of Geophysics, ed. C. S. Gillmor, vol. 4, pp. 49-53 (American Geophysical Union, 1990). Reprinted from Eos 66 (1985): 657-660.
Baron, M. E. The Origins of the Infinitesimal Calculus (Pergamon Press, 1969).
Bloor, D. "Polyhedra and the Abominations of Leviticus." British Journal for the History of Science 11 (1978): 245-272.
Also read Worrall, J. "A Reply to David Bloor." British Journal for the History of Science 12 (1979): 71-81.
Boyer, C. B. The History of the Calculus and its Conceptual Development (Dover 1959).
*Boyer, C. B. History of Mathematics, 2nd ed. (Wiley, 1988).
Crowe, M. J. A History of Vector Analysis: The Evolution of the Idea of a Vectorial Systemu (Univ. of Notre Dame Press, 1967).
Dauben, J. W. Georg Cantor: His Mathematics and Philosophy of the Infinite (Harvard Univ. Press, 1979).
Detlefsen, M. Hilbert's Program: An Essay on Mathematical Instrumentalism (Reidel, 1986).
*Gigerenzer, G.; et. al. The Empire of Chance: How Probability Changed Science and Everyday Life (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1989).
Gleick, J. Chaos: Making a New Science (Viking, 1987).
Grabiner, J. V. The Origins of Cauchy's Rigorous Calculus (MIT Press, 1981).
*Grattan-Guinness, I.; ed. From the Calculus to Set Theory, 1630-1910 (Duckworth, 1980).
Grattan-Guinness, I. The Development of the Foundations of Mathematical Analysis from Euler to Riemann (MIT Press, 1970).
Kline, M. Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times (Oxford Univ. Press, 1972).
Moore, G. H. "Beyond First-Order Logic: The Historical Interplay Between Mathematical Logic and Axiomatic Set Theory." History and Philosophy of Logic 1 (1980): 95-137.
Note: As of Feb. 1992, no UMCP library owned this volume of this journal. A journal order request will be submitted For a copy of this article, contact the CHPS office.
Stigler, S. M. The History of Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty Before 1900 (Belnap Press of Harvard Univ. Press, 1986).
(A list of supplemental references--not considered part of the reading list--is available from the CHPS office).
Bohr, N. H. D. Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature: Four Essays, With an Introductory Survey (1934. Reprint. AMS Press, 1978).
Bohr, N. H. D. "Discussion with Einstein on Epistemological Problems in Atomic Physics." In Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, 3rd. ed., ed. P.A. Schilpp (Open Court, 1970).
Bos, H. J. M. "Mathematics and Rational Mechanics." In The Ferment of Knowledge, eds. G. S. Rousseau and R. Porter, pp. 327-355 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980).
*Brown, L. M.; and Hoddeson, L. "The Birth of Elementary-Particle Physics." Physics Today 35, no. 4 (April 1982): 36-43.
Brush, S. G. "Irreversibility and Indeterminism: Fourier to Heisenberg." Journal of the History of Ideas 37 (1976): 603-630.
Brush, S. G. Statistical Physics and the Atomic Theory of Matter from Boyle and Newton to Landau and Onsager ( Princeton Univ. Press, 1983).
Buchwald, J. Z. From Maxwell to Microphysics: Aspects of Electromagnetic Theory in the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth Century (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1985).
*Cannon, S. F. "The Invention of Physics." In Science in Culture: The Early Victorian Period, pp. 111-136 (Science History, 1978)
*Cardwell, D. S. L. From Watt to Clausius: The Rise of Thermodynamics in the Early Industrial Age (Cornell Univ. Press, 1971).
*Cohen, I. B. "Newton's Second Law and the Concept of Force in the Principia." Texas Quarterly 10, no. 3 (1967): 127-157.
Cohen, I. B. "Newton's Discovery of Gravity." Scientific American 244, no. 3 (1981): 167-179.
Crelinsten, J. "Einstein, Relativity and the Press: The Myth of Incomprehensibility." Phys. Teach. 18 (1980): 115-122.
Crosland, M.; and Smith, C. "The Transmission of Physics from France to Britain: 1800-1840." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 9 (1978): 1-61 ( 1978).
*Drake, S. "Galileo's Discovery of the Law of Free Fall." Scientific American 228, no. 5 (May 1973): 84-92.
Drake, S. Galileo (Hill & Wang, 1980).
Einstein, A. Relativity: The Special and the General Theory, trans. R. W. Lawson (Crown Pubs., 1961).
Einstein, A. "Autobiographical Notes." In Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, 3rd. ed., ed. P.A. Schilpp (Open Court, 1970).
Elkana, Y. "Helmholtz' Kraft: An Illustration of Concepts in Flux." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 2 (1970): 263-298.
Everitt, C. W. F. James Clerk Maxwell: Physicist and Natural Philosopher (Scribner, 1975).
Forman, P. "The Discovery of the Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals; A Critique of the Myths." Archive for History of Exact Sciences 6 (1969): 38-71.
Also read Ewald, P. P. "The Myth of Myths; Comments on P. Forman's paper on `The Discovery of the Diffraction of X-Rays in Crystals'." Archive for History of Exact Sciences 6 (1969): 72-81.
*Forman, P. "Weimar Culture, Causality, and Quantum Theory, 1918-1927: Adaptation by German Physicists and Mathematicians to a Hostile Intellectual Environment." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 3 (1971): 1-115.
Frankel, E. "Corpuscular Optics and the Wave Theory of Light: The Science and Politics of a Revolution in Physics." Social Studies of Science 6 (1976): 141-184.
Franklin, A. "The Principle of Inertia in the Middle Ages." American Journal of Physics 44 (1976): 529-545.
Franklin, A. The Neglect of Experiment (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986).
Frisch, O. R.; and Wheeler, J. A. "The Discovery of Fission." Physics Today 20, no. 11 (Nov. 1967): 43-52.
Galilei, G. Two New Sciences, trans. S. Drake (Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1974). Read "Translator's Introduction", "First Day", and "Third Day".
Galison, P. L. How Experiments End (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1987).
Grant, E. Physical Science in the Middle Ages (Wiley, 1971). Read chaps. I, II, III, IV, and Vl.
*Guillemin, V. The Story of Quantum Mechanics ( Scribner, 1968).
Harman, P. M. Energy, Force, and Matter: The Conceptual Development of Nineteenth-Century Physics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982).
*Heilbron, J. L. Elements of Early Modern Physics (Univ. of California, 1982).
Heisenberg, W. The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory, trans. C. Eckart and F. C. Hoyt (Dover publications, 1930).
Heisenberg, W. Physics and Beyond: Encounters and Conversations, trans. A. J. Pomerans (Harper & Row, 1971).
Hiebert, E. N. Historical Roots of the Principle of Conservation of Energy (State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1962).
*Holton, G. "Einstein and the `Crucial' Experiment." American Journal of Physics 37 (1969): 968-982 .
Holton, G. Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought ( Harvard Univ. Press, 1973).
Howson, C.; ed. Method and Appraisal in the Physical Sciences (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1976).
*James, F. A. J. L. "The Physical Interpretation of the Wave Theory of Light." British Journal for the History of Science 17 (1984): 47-60.
Jammer, M. The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics (McGraw-Hill, 1966).
Jungnickel, C.; and McCormmach, R. Intellectual Mastery of Nature, 2 vols. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1986).
Kargon, R.; and Achinstein, P.; eds. Kelvin's Baltimore Lectures and Modern Theoretical Physics: Historical and Philosophical Perspectives. (MIT Press, 1987).
*Kevles, D. J. The Physicists: The History of a Scientific Community in Modern America (Knopf, 1978).
*Klein, M. J. "Max Planck and the Beginnings of the Quantum Theory." Archives for History of Exact Sciences 1 (1962): 459-479.
Koyré, A. Newtonian Studies (Harvard Univ. Press, 1965).
Kuhn, T. S. "Mathematical vs. Experimental Traditions in the Development of Physical Science." Journal Interdisciplinary History 7 (1976): 1-31.
*Kuhn, T. S. "Revisiting Planck." Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 14 (1984): 231-252. The following items are closely related to one another: Kuhn (1978), Galison (1981), and Kuhn (1984).
Lindberg, D. C. "The Science of Optics." In Science in the Middle Ages, pp. 338-368 (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1978).
Lindsay, R. B. "The Story of Acoustics." J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 39 (1966): 629-644.
*Malley, M. "The Discovery of Atomic Transmutation: Scientific Styles and Philosophies in France and Britain." Isis 70 (1979): 213-223.
Maxwell, J. C. "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field." In The Scientific Papers of James Clerk Maxwell, ed. W. D. Niven (Dover Pub., 1965).
7f. Physics (continued).
McGuire, J. E.; and Rattansi, P. M. "Newton and the `Pipes of Pan'." Notes and Records of The Royal Society of London 21 (1966): 108-143.
Mendelssohn, K. The Quest for Absolute Zero, 2nd ed. (Wiley/Halsted, 1977).
*Miller, A. I. "On Einstein's Invention of Special Relativity." In PSA 1982, eds. P. D. Asquith and T. Nickles, vol. 2, pp. 377-402 ( Philosophy of Science Association, 1983 ).
Mott, N. F.; et al. "The Beginnings of Solid State Physics. A Symposium held 30 April - 2 May 1979." Proc. R. Soc. London A371 (1980): 1-177.
*Moyer, A. E. "History of Physics." Osiris, ser. 2, vol. 2 (1985): 163-182.
Newton, I. Newton's Philosophy of Nature: Selections From His Writings, ed.H. S. Thayer (Hafner Pub. Co., 1953).
Newton, I. Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, trans. A. Motte, rev. trans. F. Cajori, 2 vols. (Greenwood Press, 1962). Read pages xvii-xviii, 1-55, 398-400, 543-626 (Preface, Definitions, Axioms, Book I [sections I and II], Rules of Reasoning, General Scholium, System of the World).
Newton, I. "On the Gravity and Equilibrium of Fluids." In Unpublished Scientific Papers of Isaac Newton, eds. A. R. Hall and M. B. Hall, pp.121-156 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1962).
Neugebauer, O. The Exact Sciences in Antiquity, 2nd ed. (Brown Univ. Press, 1957 ).
Pais, A. "Subtle is the Lord": The Science and the Life of Albert Einstein (Oxford Univ. Press, 1982).
Pais, A. Inward Bound: Of Matter and Forces in the Physical World (Oxford Univ. Press, 1986).
Planck, M. "A Scientific Autobiography." In Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers, trans. F. Gaynor, pp. 13-51 (Greenwood Press, 1949).
*Pyenson, L. "History of Physics." In Encyclopedia of Physics, eds. R. G. Lerner and G. L. Trigg, pp. 404-414 ( Addison-Wesley, 1981).
Raman, V. V.; and Forman, P. "Why Was It Schrodinger Who Developed deBroglie's Ideas?" In Historical Studies in the Physical Science, ed. R. McCormmach,vol.1, pp. 291-314 (Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1969).
Reid, R. Marie Curie (Saturday Review/Dutton, 1974).
Sabra, A. I. Theories of Light from Descartes to Newton, 2nd ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981).
Schaffer, S. "Natural Philosophy." In The Ferment of Knowledge, eds. G. S. Rousseau and R. Porter, pp. 55-91 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980).
Segrè, E. From X-Rays to Quarks: Modern Physicists and Their Discoveries (Freeman, 1980).
Segrè, E. From Falling Bodies to Radio Waves: Classical Physicists and Their Discoveries (Freeman,1984).
Smith, C. " `Mechanical Philosophy' and the Emergence of Physics in Britain: 1800-1850." Annals of Science 33 (1976): 3-29.
Smith, C. "A New Chart for British Natural Philosophy: The Development of Energy Physics in the Nineteenth Century." History of Science 16 (1978): 231-279.
*Stauffer, R. C. "Speculation and Experiment in the Background of Oersted's Discovery of Electromagnetism." Isis 48 (1957): 33-50.
Swenson, L. S., Jr. Genesis of Relativity (Franklin, 1979).
Tricker, R. A. R. The Contributions of Faraday and Maxwell to Electrical Science (Pergamon Press, 1966).
Trigg, G. L. Crucial Experiments In Modern Physics (Crane, 1975).
Trigg, G. L. Landmark Experiments In Twentieth Century Physics (Crane, 1975).
Truesdell, C. Essays in the History of Mechanics (Springer-Verlag, 1968).
Truesdell, C. "History of Classical Mechanics." Naturwissenschaften 63 (1976): 53-62, 119-130.
*Wallace, W. A. "Mechanics from Bradwardine to Galileo." Journal of the History of Ideas 32 (1971): 15-28.
Weinberg, S. "The Search for Unity: Notes for a History of Quantum Field Theory." Daedalus 106, no. 4 (Fall 1971): 17-35.
Weiner, C. "A New Site for the Seminar: The Refugees and American Physics in the Thirties." Perspectives in American History 2 (1968): 190-234.
Weiner, C.; ed. History of Twentieth Century Physics (Academic, 1977 ).
*Wessels, L. "Schrödinger's Route to Wave Mechanics." Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science 10 (1979): 311-340.
Westfall, R. S. Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981).
Wheaton, B. R. The Tiger and the Shark: Empirical Roots of Wave-Particle Dualism (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1983).
Whittaker, E. T. A History of Theories of Aether and Electricity, rev. ed., 2 vols. ( Humanities, 1973 ).
Williams, L. P. The Origins of Field Theory (Univ. Press of America, 1980).
*Wilson, D. B. "Kinetic Atom." American Journal of Physics 49 (1981): 217-222.
*Wise, M. N. "The Mutual Embrace of Electricity and Magnetism." Science 203 (1979): 1310-1318.
Zahar, E. G. "Why did Einstein's Programme Supersede Lorentz's?" British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 95-123, 223-62.
*Bowler, P. J. Evolution: The History of and Idea, rev. ed. (Univ. of California Press, 1989).
Darwin, C. On the Origin of Species. A facsimile of the first edition [1869] (Harvard Univ. Press, 1964).
Gruber, H. E. Darwin on Man: A Psychological Study of Scientific Creativity, 2nd ed. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1981).
Kohn, D. "Theories to Work By: Rejected Theories, Reproduction, and Darwin's Path to Natural Selection." In Studies in the History of Biology, eds. W. Coleman and C. Limoges, vol. 4, pp.67-170 (The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1980).
Ospovat, D. The Development of Darwin's Theory: Natural History, Natural Theology, and Natural Selection, 1838-1959 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981).
Allen, G. E. Thomas Hunt Morgan: The Man and His Science. (Princeton Univ. Press, 1978).
Carlson, E. A. The Gene: A Critical History (Saunders, 1966).
Judson, H. F. The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology. (Simon and Schuster,1979).
Provine, W. B. The Origins of Theoretical Population Genetics (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1971).
Stern, C.; and Sherwood, E.; eds. The Origin of Genetics: A Mendel Source Book (W.H. Freeman, 1966).
Watson, J. D. The Double Helix: A Personal account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA. A Norton critical edition, ed. G. Stent (W. W. Norton & Co., 1980).
Coleman, W. Biology in the Nineteenth Century: Problems of Form, Function, and Transformation. (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1977).
Gould, S. J. Ontogeny and Phylogeny (Belnap Univ. Press of Harvard Univ. Press, 1977).
Mayr, E. The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution, and Inheritance (Belnap Press, 1982).
*Clagett, M. Greek Science in Antiquity (Books for Library Press, 1955). Read Chaps. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 13.
*Crombie, A. C. Medieval and Early Modern Science, 2 vols. (Harvard Univ. Press, 1961).
Grant, E. Physical Science in the Middle Ages (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1977). Read Chaps. I-IV, and VI.
*Lindberg, D. C.; ed. Science in the Middle Ages (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1978).
Nasr, S. H. Science and Civilization in Islam (Harvard Univ. Press, 1968).
*Wallace, W. "Mechanics from Bradwardine to Galileo." Journal of the History of Ideas 32 (1971): 15-28.
*Ben-David, J. The Scientist's Role in Society: A Comparative Study, reprint of the 1971 edition with a new introduction. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1984).
Note: As of Feb. 1992, no Univ. of MD library owned this edition of this book. A book order request will be submitted. A copy of the new introduction (pp. xi-xxvi) is available from the CHPS office.
Brown, J. R.; ed. Scientific Rationality: The Sociological Turn (Reidel, 1984).
Graham, L. R. Between Science and Values (Columbia Univ. Press, 1981).
Hahn, R. "New Directions in the Social History of Science." Physis 17 (1975): 205-218.
Harding, S.; and O'Barr, J. F.; eds. Sex and Scientific Inquiry (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1987).
*Keller, E. F. Reflections on Gender and Science (Yale Univ. Press, 1985).
Keller, E. F. "Feminist Perspectives on Science Studies." Science, Technology, & Human Values 13 (1988): 235-249.
*Price, D. J. de Solla. Little Science, Big Science -- And Beyond (Columbia Univ. Press, 1986).
*Shapin, S. "History of Science and its Sociological Reconstructions." History of Science 20 (1982): 157-211.
Ziman, J. M. An Introduction to Science Studies: The Philosophical and Social Aspects of Science and Technology (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984).
*Cannon, S. F. "The Invention of Physics." In Science in Culture: The Early Victorian Period, pp.111-136 (Science History Publications, 1978).
Crosland, M.; and Smith, C. "The Transmission of Physics from France to Britain: 1800-1840." In Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, eds. R. McCormmach and L. Pyenson, vol. 9, pp. 1-61 (The Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1978).
Edge, D. O.; and Mulkay, M. J. Astronomy Transformed: The Emergence of Radio Astronomy in Britain (Wiley, 1976).
Forman, P.; Heilbron, J. L.; and Weart, S. "Physics Circa 1900: Personnel, Funding, and Productivity of the Academic Establishments." In Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, ed. R. McCormmach, vol. 5, pp. 1-185 (Princeton Univ. Press, 1975).
*Graham, L. R.; Lepenies, W.; and Weingart, P.; eds. Functions and Uses of Disciplinary Histories (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1983).
*Greene, M.; et al. Osiris, ser. 2, vol. 1 (1985). Read pp. 97-207; these are articles on the history of American geology, astronomy, chemistry, biology, physics, and social sciences.
Note: As of Feb. 1992, this volume was perpetually missing from the shelf at McKeldin. A request to order this volume will be submitted.
Harman, P. M.; ed. Wranglers and Physicists: Studies on Cambridge Physics in the Nineteenth Century (Machester Univ. Press, 1985).
Hufbauer, K. The Formation of the German Chemical Community, 1720-1795 (Univ. of California Press, 1982).
Jungnickel, C.; and McCormmach, R. Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein, 2 vols. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1986).
Kevles, D. J. The Physicists: The History of a Scientific Community in Modern America (Knopf, 1977).
*McCormmach, R. "Editor's Foreword." In Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, ed. R. McCormmach, vol. 3, pp. ix-xxiv (Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1971).
*Rudwick, M. J. S. The Great Devonian Controversy: The Shaping of Scientific Knowledge among Gentlemanly Specialists (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1985).
Thackray, A.; et al. Chemistry in America, 1876-1976: Historical Indicators (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1985).
Traweek, S. Beamtimes and Lifetimes: The World of High Energy Physicists (Harvard Univ. Press, 1988).
Weiner, C. "A New Site for the Seminar: The Refugees and American Physics in the Thirties." Perspectives in American History 2 (1968): 190-234.
*Bieniek, R. J. "Evolution of the Two Cultures Controversy." American Journal of Physics 49, no. 5 (1981): 417-424. To be read together with C.P. Snow, cited below.
Feuer, L. S. The Scientific Intellectual: The Psychological & Sociological Origins of Modern Science (Basic Books, 1963). Read chaps. I and II.
Feuer, L. S. "Science and the Ethic of Protestant Asceticism: A Reply to Professor Robert K. Merton." Research in Sociology of Knowledge, Sciences and Art 2 (1979): 1-23. To be read together with the Merton book cited below.
*Forman, P. "Weimar Culture, Causality, and Quantum Theory, 1918-1927: Adaptation by German Physicists and Mathematicians to a Hostile Intellectual Environment." In Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences ed. R. McCormmach, vol. 3, pp. 1-115 (Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1971).
Forman, P. "Kausalität, Anschaulichkeit and Individualität, or How Cultural Values Prescribed the Character and the Lessons Ascribed to Quantum Mechanics." In Society and Knowledge: Contemporary Perspectives in the Sociology of Knowledge, ed. N. Stehr and V. Meja, pp. 333-347 (Transaction Books, 1984). Also see Hendry cited below, and Kraft & Kroes cited below.
Fox, R.; and Weisz, G.; eds. The Organization of Science and Technology in France, 1808-1914 (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1980).
*Graham, L. R. "The Socio-Political Roots of Boris Hessen: Soviet Marxism and the History of Science." Social Studies of Science 15 (1985): 705-722.
Hahn, R. The Anatomy of a Scientific Institution: The Paris Academy of Sciences, 1666-1803 (Univ. of California Press, 1971).
Hendry, J. "Weimar Culture and Quantum Causality." History of Science 18 (1980): 155-180. Also see Forman's article cited above.
*Jacob, M. C. The Cultural Meaning of the Scientific Revolution (Temple Univ. Press, 1988).
Koizumi, K. "The Emergence of Japan's First Physicists: 1868-1900." In Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, ed. R. McCormmach, vol. 6, pp. 3-108 (Princeton Univ. Press, 1975).
Kraft, P; and Kroes, P. "Adaptation of Scientific Knowledge to an Intellectual Environment. Paul Forman's `Weimar Culture, Causality, and Quantum Theory, 1918-1927': Analysis and Criticism." Centaurus 27 (1984): 76-99. Also see Forman, cited above.
*Merton, R. K. Science, Technology, & Society in Seventeenth-Century England. (H. Fertig, 1970). Also see Feuer, cited above.
Needham, J. The Grand Titration: Science and Society in East and West (George Allen & Unwin LTD, 1969).
Osiris, ser. 2, vol. 5 (1990): Science in Germany: The Intersection of Institutional and Intellectual Issues.
Pyenson, L. Cultural Imperialism and Exact Sciences: German Expansion Overseas, 1900-1930 (Lang, 1985).
*Shapin, S.; and Thackray, A. "Prosopography as a Research Tool in History of Science: The British Scientific Community 1700-1900." History of Science 12 (1974): 1-28.
*Snow, C. P. The Two Cultures: And a Second Look (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1963). Also see Bieniek, cited above.
Bruce, R. V. The Launching of American Science, 1846-1876 (Knopf, 1987).
Burnham, J. C. How Superstition Won and Science Lost: Poularization of Science and Health in the United States (Rutgers Univ. Press, 1987).
*Dupree, A. H. Science in the Federal Government: A History of Policies and Activities to 1940, reprint of the 1957 edition with a new preface (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1986).
Note: As of Feb. 1992, no Univ. of MD library owned this edition of this book. A book order request will be submitted.
Kohlstedt, S. G. The Formation of the American Scientific Community: The American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1848-60 (Univ. of Illinois Press, 1976).
Kohlstedt, S. G.; and Rossiter, M.W.; eds. "Historical Writing on American Science." In Osiris, ser. 2, vol. 1 (1985).
Note: As of Feb. 1992, this volume was perpetually missing from the shelf at McKeldin. A request to order this volume will be submitted.
*Reingold, N.; ed. The Sciences in the American Context: New Perspectives (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1979).
*Rossiter, M. W. Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940 (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1982).
*Ben-David, J. "Sociology of Scientific Knowledge." In The State of Sociology, ed. J.F. Short, Jr. (Sage Publications, 1981).
*Bloor, D. Knowledge and Social Imagery (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1976).
Broad, W.; and Wade, N. Betrayers of the Truth (Simon & Schuster, 1982).
Collins, H. M. "The Sociology of Scientific Knowledge: Studies of Contemporary Science." Annual Review of Sociology 9 (1983): 265-285.
Douglas, M.; ed. Essays in the Sociology of Perception (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982).
Gaston, J.; ed. Sociology of Science (Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1978).
*Latour, B.; and Woolgar, S.; eds. Laboratory Life: The Social Construction of Scientific Facts (Sage Publications, 1979).
10e. Sociology (continued).
*Laudan, L. "The Pseudo-Science of Science?" Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (1981): 173-198.
Also read Bloor, D. "The Strengths of the Strong Programme." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 11 (1981): 199-213.
Lubrano, L. L. Soviet Sociology of Science (American Assoc. Adv. Slavic Studies, 1976).
*Merton, R. K. The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1973).
*Merton, R. K.; and Gaston, J.; eds. The Sociology of Science in Europe (Southern Illinois Univ. Press, 1977).
Mulkay, M. "Sociology of Science in the West." Current Sociology 28, no. 3 (1981): 1-184.
Whitley, R. The Intellectual and Social Organization of the Sciences (Clarendon Press, 1984).
Zuckerman, H. Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States (Free Press, 1977).
Cole, J. R.; and Cole, S. Social Stratification in Science (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1973).
Elkana, Y.; et. al.; eds. Toward a Metric of Science: The Advent of Science Indicators (Wiley, 1978).
Garfield, E. Citation Indexing -- Its Theory and Applications in Science, Technology, and Humanities (Wiley, 1979). Read Chap. 8.
*Menard, H. W. Science: Growth and Change (Harvard Univ. Press, 1971).
List Item
7b. Gingerich, O. "`Crisis' versus Aesthetic in the Copernican Revolution." Vistas in Astronomy 17 (1975): 85-95.
7c. Coulson, C. A. "The Influence of Wave Mechanics on Organic Chemistry." In Wave Mechanics: The First Fifty Years, ed. W. C. Price, et al., pp. 255-271 (Halsted/Wiley, 1973).
7d. Burchfield, J. D. Lord Kelvin and the Age of the Earth, reprint of 1975 edition with a new afterword (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1990). The CHPS office has a copy of the new afterword, pp. 219-222.
7d. Burstyn, H. L. "The Historian of Science and Oceanography." Bull. Inst. Océanogr. Monaco, no. spécial 2 (Congr. Int. Hist. Océanogr., vol. 1, 1968) pp. 665-675.
7e. Moore, G. H. "Beyond First-Order Logic: The Historical Interplay Between Mathematical Logic and Axiomatic Set Theory." History and Philosophy of Logic 1 (1980): 95-137.
10a. Ben-David, J. The Scientist's Role in Society: A Comparative Study, reprint of the 1971 edition with a new introduction. (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1984). The CHPS office has a copy of the new introduction, pp. xi-xxvi.